SUBMIT A PRSUBMIT AN ISSUElast edit: Mar 16, 2026

Subtensor Pallets and Extrinsics

This document covers the dispatchable calls of all pallets included in the Subtensor runtime. For each pallet, it lists the call methods and their arguments.

Overview

The Subtensor blockchain is built on the Substrate blockchain framework. The framework's development environment includes modules called pallets that define the core logic of the runtime and can be used, modified, or extended to implement the functionality required by the chain.

Each pallet exposes functions that users or other parts of the system can call. These calls execute successfully as long as the caller has the required permissions. Because these calls originate outside the blockchain runtime, they are called extrinsics.

For example, the Subtensor pallet contains functions related to Bittensor network operations, such as neuron registration, staking, or subnet management. When a user calls one of these functions—using BTCLI or another client interface—they submit an extrinsic to the chain. Some extrinsics may also trigger events on-chain, such as confirming a successful registration or updating staking balances.

Subtensor pallets

The Subtensor runtime is composed of multiple pallets that collectively define the behavior of the Bittensor blockchain. Each pallet manages a specific domain of the protocol.

Below are some of the key pallets included in the Subtensor runtime.

AdminUtils

Root and subnet-owner configuration: subnet hyperparameters, issuance, EVM, authorities. Most calls require root or subnet owner.

Method	Arguments
swap_authorities	new_authorities
sudo_set_default_take	default_take
sudo_set_tx_rate_limit	tx_rate_limit
sudo_set_serving_rate_limit	netuid, serving_rate_limit
sudo_set_min_difficulty	netuid, min_difficulty
sudo_set_max_difficulty	netuid, max_difficulty
sudo_set_weights_version_key	netuid, weights_version_key
sudo_set_weights_set_rate_limit	netuid, weights_set_rate_limit
sudo_set_adjustment_interval	netuid, adjustment_interval
sudo_set_adjustment_alpha	netuid, adjustment_alpha
sudo_set_immunity_period	netuid, immunity_period
sudo_set_min_allowed_weights	netuid, min_allowed_weights
sudo_set_max_allowed_uids	netuid, max_allowed_uids
sudo_set_kappa	netuid, kappa
sudo_set_rho	netuid, rho
sudo_set_activity_cutoff	netuid, activity_cutoff
sudo_set_network_registration_allowed	netuid, registration_allowed
sudo_set_network_pow_registration_allowed	netuid, registration_allowed
sudo_set_target_registrations_per_interval	netuid, target_registrations_per_interval
sudo_set_min_burn	netuid, min_burn
sudo_set_max_burn	netuid, max_burn
sudo_set_difficulty	netuid, difficulty
sudo_set_max_allowed_validators	netuid, max_allowed_validators
sudo_set_bonds_moving_average	netuid, bonds_moving_average
sudo_set_bonds_penalty	netuid, bonds_penalty
sudo_set_max_registrations_per_block	netuid, max_registrations_per_block
sudo_set_subnet_owner_cut	subnet_owner_cut
sudo_set_network_rate_limit	rate_limit
sudo_set_tempo	netuid, tempo
sudo_set_total_issuance	total_issuance
sudo_set_network_immunity_period	immunity_period
sudo_set_network_min_lock_cost	lock_cost
sudo_set_subnet_limit	max_subnets
sudo_set_lock_reduction_interval	interval
sudo_set_rao_recycled	netuid, rao_recycled
sudo_set_stake_threshold	min_stake
sudo_set_nominator_min_required_stake	min_stake
sudo_set_tx_delegate_take_rate_limit	tx_rate_limit
sudo_set_min_delegate_take	take
sudo_set_commit_reveal_weights_enabled	netuid, enabled
sudo_set_liquid_alpha_enabled	netuid, enabled
sudo_set_alpha_values	netuid, alpha_low, alpha_high
sudo_set_dissolve_network_schedule_duration	duration
sudo_set_commit_reveal_weights_interval	netuid, interval
sudo_set_evm_chain_id	chain_id
schedule_grandpa_change	next_authorities, in_blocks, forced
sudo_set_toggle_transfer	netuid, toggle
sudo_set_recycle_or_burn	netuid, recycle_or_burn
sudo_toggle_evm_precompile	precompile_id, enabled
sudo_set_subnet_moving_alpha	alpha
sudo_set_subnet_owner_hotkey	netuid, hotkey
sudo_set_ema_price_halving_period	netuid, ema_halving
sudo_set_alpha_sigmoid_steepness	netuid, steepness
sudo_set_yuma3_enabled	netuid, enabled
sudo_set_bonds_reset_enabled	netuid, enabled
sudo_set_sn_owner_hotkey	netuid, hotkey
sudo_set_subtoken_enabled	netuid, subtoken_enabled
sudo_set_commit_reveal_version	version
sudo_set_owner_immune_neuron_limit	netuid, immune_neurons
sudo_set_ck_burn	burn
sudo_set_admin_freeze_window	window
sudo_set_owner_hparam_rate_limit	epochs
sudo_set_mechanism_count	netuid, mechanism_count
sudo_set_mechanism_emission_split	netuid, maybe_split
sudo_trim_to_max_allowed_uids	netuid, max_n
sudo_set_min_allowed_uids	netuid, min_allowed_uids
sudo_set_tao_flow_cutoff	flow_cutoff
sudo_set_tao_flow_normalization_exponent	exponent
sudo_set_tao_flow_smoothing_factor	smoothing_factor
sudo_set_min_non_immune_uids	netuid, min
sudo_set_start_call_delay	delay
sudo_set_coldkey_swap_announcement_delay	duration
sudo_set_coldkey_swap_reannouncement_delay	duration
sudo_set_max_mechanism_count	max_mechanism_count

Balances

Native token transfers and balance operations.

Method	Arguments
transfer_allow_death	dest, value
force_transfer	source, dest, value
transfer_keep_alive	dest, value
transfer_all	dest, keep_alive
force_unreserve	who, amount
upgrade_accounts	who
force_set_balance	who, new_free
force_adjust_total_issuance	direction, delta
burn	value, keep_alive

BaseFee

Base fee configuration for EVM-style transactions.

Method	Arguments
set_base_fee_per_gas	new
set_elasticity	elasticity

Commitments

Commitment/reveal data for subtensor (e.g. registration).

Method	Arguments
set_commitment	netuid, info
set_max_space	new_limit

Contracts

WASM smart contracts.

Method	Arguments
instantiate_with_code	value, gas_limit, storage_deposit_limit, code, data, salt
instantiate	value, gas_limit, storage_deposit_limit, code_hash, data, salt
call	dest, value, gas_limit, storage_deposit_limit, data
upload_code	code, storage_deposit_limit, determinism
remove_code	code_hash
set_code	dest, code_hash

Crowdloan

Crowdloans and subnet leasing.

Method	Arguments
create	deposit, min_contribution, cap, end, call
contribute	crowdloan_id, amount
withdraw	crowdloan_id
finalize	crowdloan_id
refund	crowdloan_id
dissolve	crowdloan_id
update_min_contribution	crowdloan_id, new_min_contribution
update_end	crowdloan_id, new_end
update_cap	crowdloan_id, new_cap

Drand

Drand randomness beacon.

Method	Arguments
write_pulse	pulses_payload, _signature
set_beacon_config	config_payload, _signature
set_oldest_stored_round	oldest_round

Ethereum

Ethereum transaction compatibility (Frontier).

Method	Arguments
transact	transaction

EVM

EVM execution and bridge to Substrate accounts.

Method	Arguments
call	source, target, input, value, gas_limit, max_fee_per_gas, max_priority_fee_per_gas, nonce
create	source, init, value, gas_limit, max_fee_per_gas, max_priority_fee_per_gas, nonce
withdraw	address, value

Grandpa

Finality gadget; authority changes are triggered via AdminUtils::schedule_grandpa_change.

Method	Arguments
note_stalled	delay, best_finalized_block_number
report_equivocation	equivocation_proof, key_owner_proof
report_equivocation_unsigned	equivocation_proof, key_owner_proof

MevShield

MEV protection / encrypted transactions.

Method	Arguments
announce_next_key	enc_key
submit_encrypted	ciphertext

Multisig

Multi-signature approvals around arbitrary calls.

Method	Arguments
as_multi	threshold, other_signatories, maybe_timepoint, call, max_weight
as_multi_threshold_1	other_signatories, call
approve_as_multi	threshold, other_signatories, maybe_timepoint, call_hash, max_weight
cancel_as_multi	threshold, other_signatories, timepoint, call_hash
poke_deposit	threshold, other_signatories, call_hash

Preimage

Preimage management for governance / other pallets.

Method	Arguments
note_preimage	bytes
unnote_preimage	hash
request_preimage	hash
unrequest_preimage	hash
ensure_updated	hashes

Proxy

Proxy and delegate management.

Method	Arguments
proxy	real, force_proxy_type, call
add_proxy	delegate, proxy_type, delay
remove_proxy	delegate, proxy_type, delay
remove_proxies	—
create_pure	proxy_type, delay, index
kill_pure	spawner, proxy_type, index, height, ext_index
announce	real, call_hash
remove_announcement	real, call_hash
reject_announcement	delegate, call_hash
proxy_announced	delegate, real, force_proxy_type, call
poke_deposit	—
set_real_pays_fee	delegate, pays_fee

Registry

On-chain identity (Registry identity, not Subtensor neuron identity).

Method	Arguments
set_identity	identified, info
clear_identity	identified

SafeMode

Chain safety controls (emergency switch-style behavior).

Method	Arguments
enter	—
extend	—
force_enter	—
force_exit	—

Scheduler

Schedule calls for future execution.

Method	Arguments
schedule	when, maybe_periodic, priority, call
cancel	when, index
schedule_named	id, when, maybe_periodic, priority, call
cancel_named	id

SubtensorModule

Core Bittensor logic: subnets, registration, staking, weights, serving, Alpha/TAO operations.

Method	Arguments
set_weights	netuid, dests, weights, version_key
set_mechanism_weights	netuid, mecid, dests, weights, version_key
batch_set_weights	netuids, weights, version_keys
commit_weights	netuid, commit_hash
commit_mechanism_weights	netuid, mecid, commit_hash
batch_commit_weights	netuids, commit_hashes
reveal_weights	netuid, uids, values, salt, version_key
reveal_mechanism_weights	netuid, mecid, uids, values, salt, version_key
commit_crv3_mechanism_weights	netuid, mecid, commit, reveal_round
batch_reveal_weights	netuid, uids_list, values_list, salts_list, version_keys
commit_timelocked_weights	netuid, commit, reveal_round, commit_reveal_version
commit_timelocked_mechanism_weights	netuid, mecid, commit, reveal_round, commit_reveal_version
add_stake	hotkey, netuid, amount_staked
add_stake_limit	hotkey, netuid, amount_staked, limit_price, allow_partial
remove_stake	hotkey, netuid, amount_unstaked
remove_stake_limit	hotkey, netuid, amount_unstaked, limit_price, allow_partial
remove_stake_full_limit	hotkey, netuid, limit_price
move_stake	origin_hotkey, destination_hotkey, origin_netuid, destination_netuid, alpha_amount
transfer_stake	destination_coldkey, hotkey, origin_netuid, destination_netuid, alpha_amount
swap_stake	hotkey, origin_netuid, destination_netuid, alpha_amount
swap_stake_limit	hotkey, origin_netuid, destination_netuid, alpha_amount, limit_price
unstake_all	hotkey
unstake_all_alpha	hotkey
add_stake_burn	hotkey, netuid, amount, limit
decrease_take	hotkey, take
increase_take	hotkey, take
serve_axon	netuid, version, ip, port, ip_type, protocol, placeholder1, placeholder2
serve_axon_tls	netuid, version, ip, port, ip_type, protocol, placeholder1, placeholder2, certificate
serve_prometheus	netuid, version, ip, port, ip_type
register	netuid, block_number, nonce, work, hotkey
root_register	hotkey
burned_register	netuid, hotkey
register_network	hotkey
register_network_with_identity	hotkey, identity
dissolve_network	_coldkey, netuid
root_dissolve_network	netuid
faucet	block_number, nonce, work
start_call	netuid
update_symbol	netuid, symbol
swap_hotkey	hotkey, new_hotkey, netuid
swap_coldkey	old_coldkey, new_coldkey, swap_cost
announce_coldkey_swap	new_coldkey_hash
swap_coldkey_announced	new_coldkey
dispute_coldkey_swap	—
reset_coldkey_swap	coldkey
set_identity	name, url, github_repo, image, discord, description, additional
set_subnet_identity	netuid, subnet_name, github_repo, subnet_contact, subnet_url, discord, description, logo_url, additional
set_children	hotkey, netuid, children
set_childkey_take	hotkey, netuid, take
try_associate_hotkey	hotkey
associate_evm_key	netuid, evm_key, block_number, signature
schedule_swap_coldkey	_new_coldkey — Deprecated
set_pending_childkey_cooldown	cooldown
sudo_set_tx_childkey_take_rate_limit	tx_rate_limit
sudo_set_min_childkey_take	take
sudo_set_max_childkey_take	take
recycle_alpha	hotkey, amount, netuid
burn_alpha	hotkey, amount, netuid
register_leased_network	emissions_share, end_block
terminate_lease	lease_id, hotkey
claim_root	subnets
set_root_claim_type	new_root_claim_type
set_coldkey_auto_stake_hotkey	netuid, hotkey
sudo_set_num_root_claims	new_value
sudo_set_root_claim_threshold	netuid, new_value
sudo_set_voting_power_ema_alpha	netuid, alpha
enable_voting_power_tracking	netuid
disable_voting_power_tracking	netuid

Sudo

Root-only superuser dispatch.

Method	Arguments
sudo	call
sudo_unchecked_weight	call, weight
set_key	new
sudo_as	who, call
remove_key	—

Swap

TAO/Alpha AMM and liquidity.

Method	Arguments
set_fee_rate	netuid, rate
toggle_user_liquidity	netuid, enable
add_liquidity	_hotkey, _netuid, _tick_low, _tick_high, _liquidity
remove_liquidity	hotkey, netuid, position_id
modify_position	hotkey, netuid, position_id, liquidity_delta
disable_lp	—

System

Core system pallet for accounts, blocks, and execution.

Method	Arguments
remark	remark
set_heap_pages	pages
set_code	code
set_code_without_checks	code
set_storage	items
kill_storage	keys
kill_prefix	prefix, subkeys
remark_with_event	remark
authorize_upgrade	code_hash
authorize_upgrade_without_checks	code_hash
apply_authorized_upgrade	code

Timestamp

Block timestamp management.

Method	Arguments
set	now

Utility

Batch and dispatch helpers.

Method	Arguments
batch	calls
as_derivative	index, call
batch_all	calls
dispatch_as	as_origin, call
force_batch	calls
with_weight	call, weight
if_else	main, fallback
dispatch_as_fallible	as_origin, call